PEACE, DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Introduction Program Audience Degree Programs Program Faculty Program Recognition Course Descriptions Welcome to Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies! It is no small aspiration to strive for a world filled with greater peace, balance, cooperation, and the promise of an evolved human fellowship. These are noble foundation stones upon which to establish the fundamentals of sustainable human culture. They are spiritual principles that demand a worthy mission, and although the tasks and goals before us seem immense, they are attainable with adequate understanding of the problems and solutions, and the full commitment and participation of the global community. The Akamai University Program in Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies provides students with essential interdisciplinary studies in diplomacy, international relations, peace studies, human rights, international political studies, international legal studies, anti-terrorism studies, cultural philosophy, cultural history, political thought, world cultural history, diversity studies, and applied ethics. The program allows students to acquire a deeper understanding of the cultural roots and traditions and how these various customs impact today's global society. Students have opportunities to compare their present day society cross-culturally and in relation to historical societies and to develop, as well as express, their own theories for peace and diplomacy. The program provides insight into the various cultural and social changes which humankind has encountered throughout their history. It provides insights into the various past failures and achievements of civilization and prepares professionals to champion greater heights of social, cultural, and emotional growth. The program also provides insight into ways to avoid future mistakes in international affairs; and provides ways whereby professionals can integrate social, political, and economic factors to further the human condition. The program is also provides insight into the political and legal issues relative to intergovernmental and global business and provides insight into ways to improve cooperation and vital effectiveness across the international community. Professionals impacted by international political and legal issues will find this program exceedingly effective. Regards, Seamus Phan, Ph.D. Program Director Return to Top PROGRAM AUDIENCE The program is designed for individuals concerned with the public interest with an international perspective. Our stduents may include human service workers, educators, public administrators, governmental representatives, military officers and those who will serve the international community. It is also appropriate for peace activists, diplomats and community organizers for peace initiatives, economic development, literacy and wellness. DEGREE PROGRAMS Master of Science in Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies Doctor of Philosophy by Dissertation PEACE, DIPLOMACY AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES MASTER OF SCIENCE Entry Requirements Degree Requirements Program Faculty Program Recognition Course Descriptions ENTRY REQUIREMENTS As prerequisites for acceptance to the Master's program, participants should have completed the equivalent of a recognized baccalaureate degree in an appropriate field of study and several years of meaningful experience with fields that inform studies in sustainability. Participants are expected to be proficient in collegiate English language skills. Those that are second language English applicants should submit records of TOEFL examination with scores of 550 minimum. Participants must have access to a computer, email and the Internet and library resources for the full extent of their program. Return to Top DEGREE REQUIREMENTS Participants in the Master of Science program in Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies complete a minimum of 40 credits above the baccalaureate degree, including a thesis and final review. The coursework requirements include the academic major, academic minor and research preparation coursework, and additional electives, as needed, to satisfy the minimum credit requirements. Participants also complete a comprehensive examination at the conclusion of the academic coursework, prepare a formal thesis proposal, complete the thesis project, and prepare the manuscript for faculty review. They then complete an oral review of thesis at the conclusion of the research review. Core Academic Requirements (Required: 18 credits minimum) Major Concentration (Required: 9 credits minimum) Research Preparation (Required: 3 credits minimum) Comprehensive Examination (Required: 2 credits) Thesis Proposal (Required: 2 credits) Thesis Project (Required: 4 credits) Oral Review of Thesis (Required: 2 credits) Core Academic Requirements Participants complete an academic core for the major comprised eighteen credits of interdisciplinary coursework, as outlined below. Core Requirements (Required: 18 credits) PCE 501/ECO 500: Psychological Elements of Global Citizenship (3 credits) PCE 502: Encountering Cultures (3 credits) DIS 542: The Art of Diplomacy (3 credits) PCE 553: International Relations Theory (3 credits) PCE 548: Non-Violent Political Alternatives (3 credits) PCE 506: Field Study in Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies Major Concentrations (Required: 9 credits) Participants select courses comprising a nine-credit major concentration appropriate to their focus in sustainability research, including: Peace Studies Diplomacy International Studies Peace Studies Required: Minimum of 9 credits selected from among the following options: PCE 504: Gender and the Cross-Cultural Society (3 credits) PCE 505: Global Environmental Studies (3 credits) PCE 507: Women in America (3 credits) PCE 508: Psychology and Philosophy of Women -A Cultural View (3 credits) PCE 509: Race Issues in America (3 credits) PCE 510: Surviving the Threat of Terrorism (3 credits) PCE 511: Diplomacy in America (3 credits) PCE 512: The Art of Diplomacy (3 credits) PCE 524: Diplomatic and International Relations (3 credits) PCE 525: Diplomacy in the Arab-Israel Conflict (3 credits) PCE 526: Knowledge Diplomacy (3 credits) PCE 527: Five Decades of World Diplomatic Studies (3 credits) PCE 541: Race and Ethnicity in Politics (3 credits) PCE 542: Gender Politics (3 credits) PCE 543: Public Opinion (3 credits) PCE 556: Human Rights in the International Community (3 credits) PCE 549: Legal Advocacy (3 credits) PCE 550: Alternative Dispute Resolution (3 credits) PCE 551: International Dispute Resolution (3 credits) PCE 552: Development Experience in the Third World (3 credits) PCE 553: International Relations Theory (3 credits) PCE 572: International Human Rights (3 credits) PCE 573: International Humanitarian Law (3 credits) PCE 575: Learning Foreign Law (3 credits) PCE 596: Selected Topics in Peace Studies (3 credits) PCE 597: Advanced Readings in Peace Studies (3 credits) PCE 751: Graduate Field Study (3 credits) PCE 752: Advanced Graduate Field Study (3 credits) Diplomacy Required: Minimum of 9 credits selected from among the following options: DIS 511: Encountering Cultures (3 credits) DIS 512: Political and Sociological Development in Western Europe (3 credits) DIS 513: Contemporary Europe (3 credits) DIS 514: Gender and the Cross-Cultural Society (3 credits) DIS 515: Global Environmental Studies (3 credits) DIS 516: Music and Film of the World (3 credits) DIS 517: Women in America (3 credits) DIS 518: Psychology and Philosophy of Women -A Cultural View (3 credits) DIS 519: Race Issues in America (6 credits) DIS 541: Diplomacy in America (3 credits) DIS 611: The World in the 20th Century (3 credits) DIS 612: Native American Culture (3 credits) DIS 613: Advanced Cultural Readings (3 credits) DIS 614: European Intellectual Thought (3 credits) DIS 621: Ecology in a Changing World (3 credits) DIS 622: International Law (3 credits) DIS 623: The Culture of India (3 credits) DIS 624: America, A Multicultural Society (3 credits) DIS 626: Asian Philosophies (3 credits) DIS 628: Middle East - Past and Present (3 credits) DIS 630: Historiography (3 credits) DIS 631: Diplomatic and International Relations (3 credits) DIS 633: Diplomacy in the Arab-Israel Conflict (3 credits) DIS 635: Knowledge Diplomacy (3 credits) DIS 641: Five Decades of World Diplomatic Studies (3 credits) DIS 661: Catholicism in Society (3 credits) DIS 781: Selected Topics in International Studies (3 credits) DIS 782: Advanced Readings in International Studies (3 credits) DIS 791: Graduate Field Study (1-6 credits) DIS 792: Advanced Graduate Field Study (3 credits) International Studies Required: Minimum of 9 credits selected from among the following options: PCE 502: Encountering Cultures (3 credits) PCE 504: Gender and the Cross-Cultural Society (3 credits) PCE 505: Global Environmental Studies (3 credits) PCE 507: Women in America (3 credits) PCE 508: Psychology and Philosophy of Women -A Cultural View (3 credits) PCE 509: Race Issues in America (3 credits) PCE 510: Surviving the Threat of Terrorism (3 credits) PCE 511: Diplomacy in America (3 credits) PCE 512: The Art of Diplomacy (3 credits) PCE 524: Diplomatic and International Relations (3 credits) PCE 525: Diplomacy in the Arab-Israel Conflict (3 credits) PCE 526: Knowledge Diplomacy (3 credits) PCE 527: Five Decades of World Diplomatic Studies (3 credits) PCE 541: Race and Ethnicity in Politics (3 credits) PCE 542: Gender Politics (3 credits) PCE 543: Public Opinion (3 credits) PCE 548: Non-Violent Political Alternatives (3 credits) PCE 556: Human Rights in the International Community (3 credits) PCE 549: Legal Advocacy (3 credits) PCE 550: Alternative Dispute Resolution (3 credits) PCE 552: Development Experience in the Third World (3 credits) PCE 572: International Human Rights (3 credits) PCE 551: International Dispute Resolution (3 credits) PCE 573: International Humanitarian Law (3 credits) PCE 575: Learning Foreign Law (3 credits) PCE 596: Selected Topics in Peace Studies (3 credits) PCE 597: Advanced Readings in Peace Studies (3 credits) PCE 751: Graduate Field Study (3 credits) PCE 752: Advanced Graduate Field Study (3 credits) Return to Top Research Preparation Master's students must pursue study providing advanced research knowledge necessary for success in their final projects (thesis). At least three semester credits of research preparation coursework is required. T and this might focus upon quantitative and qualitative methods or participatory action research techniques including subject selection, research design, and statistical analysis, as appropriate to each student's proposed project. Through this requirement, students learn to effectively define applied problems or theoretical issues and articulate the rationale for the study. They should learn to present an effective scholarly review of the academic literature and implement quantitative, qualitative or participatory action methods for evaluating academic issues. RES 501: Basic Research Statistics (3 credits) RES 502: Intermediate Research Statistics (3 credits) RES 505: Qualitative Research Methods (3 credits) RES 511/HSS 528: Social Planning and Action Research (3 credits) RES 653 Transpersonal Research (3 credits) RES 699: Research in Complementary Medicine (3 credits) OR: Another research preparation course selected with guidance of the senior faculty. Comprehensive Examination Once you have completed the coursework elements of your degree, you will be asked to schedule the Comprehensive Examination. Your primary mentor and a faculty member representing the secondary academic area conduct both the written and oral components of the examination. The written portion is open book style with selected essay questions requiring creative responses that reach for the higher levels of cognition. Your answers are expected to draw from both the primary and secondary competencies of your program with proper referencing of the scholarly literature. The oral component of the examination is normally completed by telephone conference and is intended to allow detailed investigation of your written responses. Return to Top Thesis Proposal You are expected to prepare a formal proposal related to your concept for research under the direction of your primary mentor and according to University expectations. At a minimum, your research proposal should clarify the thesis statement and methodology (including the data gathering instruments and data analysis techniques) and provide an effective overview of the scholarly literature that sets the foundation for the thesis. Your research proposal should also include a brief manuscript outline that demonstrates how you will present in written form the various elements of the research project. Thesis Project Following approval of your thesis proposal, you will begin your research project. Your thesis may take the form of a traditional research project or it may be a major scholarly project of the type appropriate to the discipline. Whichever approach to the thesis is chosen, the resulting project must demonstrate mastery of a body of knowledge in the major field of study, be your original work and represent a meaningful contribution to the betterment of the human condition or an improvement to the professional field. It is expected that you will pursue research within the general field of your major concentration, although senior faculty may permit a study with a broader focus. Your thesis research may be conducted via quantitative, qualitative, or participatory action research. The body of your thesis manuscript, structured according to a set of approved manuscript guidelines, should exceed 75 double spaced, typewritten pages. If your thesis takes the form of a scholarly project, it must follow the guidelines provided by the University for such projects. Return to Top Oral Review of Thesis Once you have prepared the thesis manuscript, you will be asked to schedule the formal review process. Your primary mentor and a faculty member representing the secondary academic area will conduct both the formal physical review of the thesis manuscript and the oral review of thesis. The physical review of the thesis manuscript usually takes the review committee four to six weeks. Each reviewer will prepare questions and commentary relative to your underlying review of the literature, the thesis methodology, the mechanics of your project, and your presentation of the findings, conclusions and recommendations. The Oral Review of Thesis is conducted under the direction of your primary mentor with the assistance of one qualified member of the faculty. The examination is carried out by telephone conference call and is designed to allow detailed investigation of your thesis. The faculty reviewers explore with you issues related to your thesis including methodology, review of literature and interpretation of the findings. One outcome of the thesis review process is a set of final expectations directing you through the remaining tasks for completing the thesis manuscript. Once your final manuscript is approved, you will submit the formal document to an approved bindery and later ship the bound thesis to the University for permanent archival storage. PROGRAM FACULTY Seamus Phan, Ph.D. Program Director Peace, Diplomacy and International Studies Douglass Capogrossi, Ph.D. Peace Studies Premkumar Rajagopal, Ph.D. International Studies Mirjana Radovic, Ph.D. International Studies Daniel Joseph O'Shea, JD International Studies Joann S. Bakula, Ph.D. International Studies Peggy A. Thayer, Ph.D. International Studies Return to Top PROGRAM RECOGNITION American Council of United Nations University Institute for Global Education World Peace Society International States Parliament for Safety and Peace American Council of United Nations University American Council of United Nations University (AC/UNU)provides an international capacity for early warning and analysis of global long-range issues, opportunities, and strategies. AC/UNU initiated the Millennium Project in cooperation with the Smithsonian Institution, The Futures Group International, and the United Nations University. The project is not a one-time study of the future, but provides an on going capacity as a geographically and institutionally dispersed think tank. Akamai University was granted institutional affiliation with the AC/UNU Maui headquarters on 2 January 2003. ACUNA Website Institute for Global Education The Institute for Global Education is a special NGO consultant to the United Nations Economic and Social Council. Its goal is to educate those who desire to participate in a world where peace is a way of life. Educating and Counseling With Nature: The Institute of Global Education Department of Integrated Ecology conducts Project NatureConnect with online programs in Applied Ecopsychology and Integrated Ecology. Institute Website World Peace Society World Peace Society is a dynamic miltinational institution dedicated to advancing world peace by non-violent means. Akamai University was offered affiliation with the Places of Peace Program and World Peace School on 3 May 2004. Please be encouraged to make contact with this essential group. World Peace Website International Parliament for Safety and Peace The International Parliament for Safety and Peace was founded in 1975 and is recognized by international law. It is parallel to the United Nations, and like the United Nations has representative ambassadors from all nations. The work of the delegates and ministers of ISPSP toward peace and the enforcement of the respect of life and human rights includes rendering help and support to all people of the world, observing the right of safety and peace in all aspects; moral, political, diplomatic, cultural, religious, economic and social. After looking for concurrence from all nations in the world, through their representative governments, the Parliament counts with 400 senators, 800 deputies, ambassadors and ministers, who contribute voluntarily to the cause of peace. International Parliament Website Return to Top COURSE DESCRIPTIONS PCE 501: Encountering Cultures (3 credits) This course assists students in learning about "issues of language and culture, domestic cultural diversity, and global cultural diversity." PCE 502: Political and Sociological Development in Western Europe (3 credits) Students will be presented with information pertaining to political and sociological aspects of European integration and the study of economic aspects on the role of the European Union as an international organization. PCE 503: Contemporary Europe (3 credits) This course provides insight into the cultural history of Europe. Students will obtain information related to European economy, politics, social development and military and cultural changes. PCE 504: Gender and the Cross-Cultural Society (3 credits) Students will be provided insight into the anthropology of gender and gender roles within a world culture. PCE 505: Global Environmental Studies (3 credits) Through this interdisciplinary course students are introduced to the concept of global environmental change. The course "presents both Earth science and ecological concepts related to global change, as well as a discussion of the human dimensions of change." PCE 506: Music and Film of the World (3 credits) Emphasis in this course is on various forms of world music including music in India, Middle East, China, Japan, Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, Latin America, North American Indians, and America. Relating to America, emphasis is on Jazz and Rock and Roll. PCE 507: Women in America (3 credits) This course provides insight into gender studies, women and power in American history, the role of women in American society and women's rights. PCE 508: Psychology and Philosophy of Women -A Cultural View (3 credits) Students will be introduced to the problems of sex roles, socialization, sexuality and violence, reproduction, and self-image. Emphasis will also be on women at work, the domestic scene, cultural feminism, radical feminism, socialist feminism and gender-inclusive feminism as well as the psychology of women. PCE 509: Race Issues in America (3 credits) This course consists of the reading of four books, which include information on the African-American Odyssey (based on oral histories including speeches, songs, stories and poetry), racial, ethnicity, and minority group politics in the United States, African American readings, and Blacks and the American political system. PCE 510 Surviving the Threat of Terrorism (3 credits) Since the September 11 attacks upon the United States, the treat of terrorism has become a devastatingly real threat that has effected us all. This course will look at the history of terrorism, terrorism today, and the realities behind the future threat of terrorism. Terrorist weaponry will be examined in detail, from conventional weaponry to weapons of mass destruction, with a particular emphasis upon the realities of biological; and chemical warfare. Issues regarding fear, panic, preparation, security, freedoms will be addressed. [Instructor: Prof. L. L. Vanderperre] PCE 511: Diplomacy in America (3 credits) Students will be introduced to American diplomatic theory and practice. Emphasis will be on political issues, legal, historical, and ethical positions and the role of the modern diplomat. The course provides insight into the development of United States policy and public diplomacy since the Second World War. In particular the course provides various ways in which the United States "practices public diplomacy through its diplomatic missions abroad" PCE 512: The Art of Diplomacy (3 credits) This course provides insight into the role and application of statecraft. To quote Charles Freeman, "'statecraft is concerned with the application of the power of the state to other states and peoples. Diplomacy applies this power by persuasive appeals short of war." PCE 513: The World in the 20th Century (3 credits) This study is an integrated multidisciplinary program that allows students to understand the interdependence of the social sciences and an ability to apply material and perspectives from one discipline to questions in other areas of study. PCE 514: Native American Culture (3 credits) Students, who take this course, are introduced to an in-depth cultural evaluation of the American Indian from early beginnings to 1990. PCE 515: Advanced Cultural Readings (3 credits) This course provides an insightful approach to the study of cultural studies in America. Specifically, the course covers such topics as music, morality, crime, punishment, gender issues, work, money, power, and success. PCE 516: European Intellectual Thought (3 credits) Students will be introduced to the history of European intellectual thought after the French Revolution to Structuralism and beyond. PCE 517: Ecology in a Changing World (3 credits) This course is designed for the student with little scientific background but who would like to learn more about ecology. The course covers issues such as human ecology, population ecology, ecology as a science, ecosystems, etc. PCE 518: International Law (3 credits) The course provides students with theory and case law to describe international law from the view of the right of nations "reciprocity among governments, and collaborative efforts to achieve stability and peace." Students will see how international law relates to statehood, sovereignty, and international politics. PCE 519: The Culture of India (3 credits) Students will be introduced to the cultural and racial unity of India despite the existence of multifarious cultural, religious, and ethnic traditions. PCE 520: America, A Multicultural Society (3 credits) Students will be introduced to "ethnic minority issues from minority perspectives, through the writings of ethnic scholars." Topics will include Native American, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, and Interethnic issues." PCE 521: Asian Philosophies (3 credits) The student will gain insight into Asian philosophical and religious traditions in such a way as to further their understanding of the life and culture of Asian people. The course will explore Indian philosophies, Buddhist philosophies, and Chinese philosophies. PCE 522: Middle East - Past and Present (3 credits) The student will obtain an overview of Middle East history from the advent of Islam until the present. PCE 523: Historiography (3 credits) This graduate course presents a scientific approach to the historical evaluation of history, which provides the student with experience at using internal and external criticism of primary and secondary resources, review of literature sources, synthesis and analysis of data, and advanced techniques in historiography. The course examines philosophies of history, historical methods, world civilizations, international relations and historical interpretations. Analysis of recent interpretations and methods for undertaking historical research is presented. PCE 524: Diplomatic and International Relations (3 credits) The course focuses on change and stability since the cold war. The course also identifies key perspectives and participants in world policy and diplomacy. Students upon completing this course will be able to identify concepts, trends and global concerns. PCE 525: Diplomacy in the Arab-Israel Conflict (3 credits) The course provides a comprehensive account of the Israel-Arab conflict up to the Israeli election of May 1999. PCE 526: Knowledge Diplomacy (3 credits) This course provides insight into the current information revolution and with this development the importance of maintaining intellectual property rights. This is achieved through patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Today, as never before, it is becoming more and more difficult to maintain these rights due to imitations and piracy of various items from the music, pharmaceuticals and film market. This is especially true in developing countries. PCE 527: Five Decades of World Diplomatic Studies (3 credits) Students will be introduced to the work of Abba Eban. The course begins with the role of President Truman in diplomacy and extends over a 50-year period to the late 1990s. The course describes the shaping of post-war events and the role of diplomacy in a 'realist' position. Eban argues that "countries make decisions that are in their own interests, and that any attempt to alter that by introducing supranational rules is likely to fail." PCE 530: Political Theory (3 credits) Students investigate major political theories in contemporary culture including the state, power, equality, freedom and human nature. Students explore current problems of political theory such as obligation, dissent, justification, sovereignty and tolerance culture including the growth and development of Marxism, liberalism and Western conservatism, democracy and socialism on the world scene. PCE 531: Modern Political Thought (3 credits) Students investigate leading political writings from Machiavelli to the present day. Students explore issues of authority, obligation, dissent, government and economy, politics and technology, alienation, anarchy, pacifism, positivism and existentialism across the democratic and Marxist systems. PCE 532: Scope and Methods of Political Science (3 credits) This course explores the basic principles, assumptions and methodologies of political inquiry and research techniques for gathering and analyzing data about political phenomena. PCE 533: Political Design and Futuristics (3 credits) Students explore the options and alternatives for the social and political systems of the future. Students project the likely conditions if current trends continue, they formulate visions for a better future and the means for their achievement. PCE 534: Global Politics (3 credits) Students investigate principles and issues relative to politics among nations. Topics include concerns of the international community, the balance of power, international cooperation and conflict, peace and war. PCE 535: Public Policy Formation and Analysis (3 credits) Students study policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation issues at various levels of government. Attention is given to concepts of political economy, political analysis skills and approaches used by government agencies and consultants. PCE 536 Political Psychology (3 credits) This course examines the role of the individual in the political systems of nations including basic psychological constructs of relevance to political action, the formulation and maintenance of stable political orientations, the patterns linking the individual to the political arena, and major modes of inquiry. PCE 537 Political Sociology (3 credits) A careful analysis of political institutions and movements in relation to power, social class, ideology, and related variables. PCE 538: Political Development (3 credits) This course covers the concepts of political development, political modernization, and political change across western and non-western political systems. Topics include political integration, political violence, political parties, and interest groups and political elite. PCE 539: Problems in Political Development (3 credits) This course provides a concept and process analysis of Western and non-Western political systems. Topics include political culture, political socialization, pluralism, political violence, political participation, and political elite. PCE 541: Race and Ethnicity in Politics (3 credits) Students investigate the history of racial and ethnic inequality, mechanisms of institutional racism in employment, education, criminal justice, electoral politics and history and means of reconciliation. PCE 542: Gender Politics (3 credits) This course provides a cross-cultural perspective of the political issues relative to gender roles and gender equity. Students investigate the role of women in society and their participation within the political arena of Western and non-Western countries. PCE 543: Public Opinion (3 credits) This course is a survey of the processes by which citizens formulate their opinions on public matters and transmit them to governmental decision-makers. Issues related to public opinion polls and political surveys are also covered. PCE 544: The Politics of Media (3 credits) This course is the study of government control of the media and the influence of the media on politics and public opinion. Students study the issues and ethics of political manipulation of media images. PCE 545: Feminist Politics and the State (3 credits) The unit aims to develop critical and comparative understandings of the contributions of women throughout history and the impacts of recent feminist social and political reforms. Students investigate feminist critiques of the state, political processes and women's citizenship. Topics explore indigenous women in their relationship with the state, sexuality in history, women and war, equal opportunity and affirmative action practices, women and trade unions, and feminist economics. PCE 546: Refugees in Global Politics (3 credits) This unit aims to develop understanding of key refugee issues in contemporary world politics. Attention is given to the root causes of refugees and the character of refugee flows; refugees in foreign policy, with an emphasis on the challenge to states' security in the post-cold-war world; the structure of the international refugee regime; emergency and longer term assistance to refugees; international refugee law, including states' adherence to legal norms; and state and internationally cast solutions to refugee crises with special reference to voluntary repatriation and the subsequent reintegration of refugees. PCE 547: Perspectives of Political Leadership (3 credits) Students explore concepts and theories of political leadership through advanced historical readings in the biographies of great world leaders and dictators. PCE 548: Non-Violent Political Alternatives (3 credits) This course investigates cultural and scientific resources for nonviolent, non-killing alternatives in politics as bases for future transformative action. PCE 556: Human Rights in the International Community (3 credits) Students investigate the emerging human rights agendas in world politics, the philosophical foundations of human rights claims and their interplay with the states system. . Topics explore the idea of political and civil rights, economic and social rights, the concept of citizenship and international citizenship. Some emphasis is given to theories of rights, and the major institutions, conventions and mechanisms designed to protect human rights, both under the United Nations system and under regional arrangements. Also included are studies of civil, political, economic, social, cultural and group rights as well as alternative methods for enforcing and implementing human rights including human rights treaties. PCE 549: Legal Advocacy (3 credits) This course is designed for advanced development of legal research skills, persuasive writing and oral advocacy. Students work on the preparation of summary judgment motions and appellate briefs and argue their assigned case "virtually" before a panel of Greenwich legal faculty. Students study the nuances of legal research and oral advocacy and the art of persuasive legal writing. PCE 550: Alternative Dispute Resolution (3 credits) This course examines the limitations, consequences, and costs, as well as the indispensability of some aspects of modern litigation. Topics review the possibilities, requirements, and legal problems of consensual and court-annexed dispute resolution processes that are alternative to final judicial adjudication. Students examine the processes of legal counseling, negotiation, mediation, arbitration, mini-trials, summary trials, summary jury trials, early neutral evaluation, private resolution providers, and settlement processes. PCE 551: International Dispute Resolution (3 credits) This course examines the definition of an international dispute and studies the participants and causes of international disputes, and the processes for international dispute resolution. Topics cover negotiation, fact-finding, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, adjudication and regional methods. PCE 552: Development Experience in the Third World (3 credits) The subject examines the meaning of development and development strategies in poor economies from the perspectives of economics, history, geography, politics and sociology. Topics include anthropological issues, long term contemporary trends in Third World development and alleviation of poverty. PCE 553: International Relations Theory (3 credits) This subject surveys the principal theoretical perspectives on international relations and explores their relevance to understanding contemporary issues and developments in world politics. Topics focus on the evolution of international thought in the twentieth century by concentrating on the debates and disputes between competing intellectual perspectives in areas such as human rights, sovereignty, international organizations, and the environment. PCE 554: The Evolution of the International System (3 credits) This subject investigates how the contemporary world was organized into independent sovereign states. Topics cover sources of conflict between states, and what forms of governance have evolved to enable states to coexist and co-operate. Students will examine how the rise of modern institutions of international governance trend toward a system of global governance and supranational law in an increasingly diverse system of sovereign states. PCE 555: International Political Economy (3 credits) This subject introduces the main schools of thinking about international political economy by focusing upon the patterns of evolution in the global political economy since the Second World War. Topics examine theoretical approaches to international political economy including neo-liberalism, neo-mercantilism, neo-Marxism, and the post-war history of the world economy. Students also study contemporary issues and problems such as trade, debt, class, regional economies and transnational corporations. Attention is given to the nature of the international regimes established at the end of World War II to regulate international exchanges of money, trade and commodities and to the extent of change now evident in those regimes. The role of non-state actors, and the growth of regionalism and globalization in the contemporary world economy is also examined. PCE 556: Foreign and Defense Policy (3 credits) Students study the structures and processes for formulating, implementing and administering foreign policies and defense policies of select nations (Australia, United States, Britain, Japan and others). Students also explore the impact of foreign and defense policy behaviors on the international system. PCE 557: Foreign Policy Studies (3 credits) This unit begins with an overview of how defense and foreign policies have evolved in nations since the end of the Second World War. Topics considers how is foreign policy is established, the roles of key actors and interests involved; and policies shaped largely by external factors. Students also study defense policy issues including regional engagement, intervention, bilateralism and multilateralism, the role of middle powers and middle power diplomacy, and "good international citizenship". PCE 558: Global Governance (3 credits) This subject introduces students to the nature, institutions, and problems of global governance. Topics examine the concept of global governance and explore the principal institutions and organizations of such governance and the basic institutional practices of diplomacy, international law, and multilateralism. Students study the development of universal conferences of states from the Hague Conferences to the League of Nations and the United Nations. Also included is the study of problems of global governance, including the role of ethics in international relations, the continued value of state sovereignty, the politics of intervention, and the complex relationship between economic, security and humanitarian institutions of global governance. PCE 559: Global Security (3 credits) This subject considers the nature of security, and of security studies, in the context of contemporary global politics. Attention is given to contending theoretical perspectives, the role of strategic culture in defining interests, globalization, the changing nature of deadly conflict, the dilemmas of weak states, the growing desperation of the world's poor, and ethnic conflict. Students also explore non-military cross-border threats such as environmental degradation, migration, drugs and other issues that influence how security is understood. This subject also explores the changing nature of the international system and the power relationships that form the system. Students investigate the evolution of strategic thought, alternative theoretical frameworks of analysis (realism, critical security and constructivism) and current debates within the field (deterrence, nuclear strategy, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, modern warfare and the revolution in military affairs or cyber-warfare). PCE 559: Genocide Studies (3 credits) Students investigate theories of genocide and specific features of particular instances of genocide. Case studies include the Armenian massacres of the First World War, the Jewish Holocaust of the Second World War, the Cambodian genocide, the Rwandan massacres, and genocide in the most recent Balkan wars. The role of the international community in intervening to prevent genocide is considered. PCE 562: United Nations (3 credits) This subject analyses the philosophical and political foundations of the United Nations. Students study the emergence of global governance and UN reform in disarmament, humanitarian intervention, the environment and rights of women. PCE 563: Managing Global Risk (3 credits) This subject investigates the impact of globalization upon the power of the state, and the relationship between state and civil society. Topics explore the meaning of globalization and its impact upon the nature of work and employment, mutual obligation, technological innovation and change, surveillance and control, urban form and amenity, and the environment. PCE 565: International Organizations (3 credits) This course addresses characteristic legal issues arising out of the creation and operation of organizations of nation states, especially UN organizations. It examines issues of constitutional interpretation, law-making, and enforcement involving international labor rights and UN peacekeeping missions. Students study current issues before the UN's General Assembly and the Security Council. PCE 568: Public Governance and Accountability This subject covers issues of public and private sector management including political, legal, fiscal and ethical accountability. Students explore the extent to which private sector management approaches can be applied or adapted for the public sector and the delivery of government services. PCE 570: International Law (3 credits) This course is a survey of public international law emphasizing the nature, sources, and subjects of international law and its place in the control of international society. Topics include an examination of the law of jurisdiction, territory, recognition and succession of states, rights and immunities of states in foreign courts, diplomatic immunities, treaties, custom and general principles, protection of citizens abroad, settlement of international disputes, war and neutrality, the United Nations, and the International Court of Justice. Topics also cover the structure of international legal institutions, and the incorporation of international law within the legal systems of Australia, USA, New Zealand, Canada and Britain. PCE 571: Transnational Nature of Law (3 credits) This course provides an overview of the international dimensions of law. Topics include public and private international law with a particular view to the professional needs of lawyers, both in government and in private practice. The course covers the minimum every lawyer should know about law beyond the domestic scene in order to be qualified for practice in an age in which virtually every area of law is being affected by international aspects. PCE 572: International Human Rights (3 credits) This course examines international efforts to protect human rights and the international organizations (like the United Nations) that coordinate and supplement efforts at the domestic level. Topics explore the international legal regime through issues of collective security and the promotion of human rights. Students investigate the standing of governments, international organizations, and individuals in the international legal system and the rules governing the creation and interpretation of international law. Topics also examine how international law binds sovereign states and the prospects for meaningful enforcement of international law. PCE 573: International Humanitarian Law (3 credits) Students develop understanding of the nature and evolution of international humanitarian law. Topics cover the laws of war applying to combatants and non-combatants, torture, protection of children and journalists and the history of the law's enforcement. Students examine the development of international institutions such as the Red Cross, Red Crescent and UN agencies such as the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), and international criminal courts and relates law and institutions to theoretical perspectives on international relations. PCE 575: Learning Foreign Law (3 credits) This course examines the process by which one learns a foreign legal system. Topics reflect on the nature of the law and the intellectual and imaginative process of acculturation to them. PCE 598: Selected Topics in International Studies (3 credits) This course provides students with opportunities for directed study in advanced aspects of the discipline under the mentorship of qualified faculty. Students pursue advanced readings in approved subject areas as assigned by faculty, conduct library and online searches for existing academic literature, conduct field investigations on the topic and construct reflective papers under the direction of the course instructor. PCE 599: Advanced Readings in International Studies (3 credits) In collaboration with the instructor, students select and pursue exhaustive advanced readings in study of a selected aspect of International Studies. This course is intended to allow students to add in a significant manner to the body of knowledge in this field and a scholarly paper is required (of the quality suitable for publication). PCE 751: Graduate Field Study (3 credits) The goal of the field study is to investigate core aspects of the discipline within the professional environment through close contact with practitioners and "real world" situations. Student participation should cover a minimum of 50 hours of contact with the subject matter for each credit awarded. The field placement is expected to afford students appropriate practical hands-on experience and in-depth knowledge of their professions. Students complete a daily journal and prepare a scholarly paper summarizing their findings for the field study. Prerequisites: Students must first complete core subjects. PCE 752: Advanced Graduate Field Study (3 credits) The goal of the advanced field study is to guide students in demonstrating increased professional competencies in addressing aspects of the professional field relative to the discipline under investigation. Students pursue the advanced field study requirement as a supervised practicum under the direction of the course instructor and an approved field site sponsor. Student participation should cover a minimum of 50 hours of contact with the subject matter for each credit awarded. Note: This course is limited to Doctoral students only. Return to Top